By Transportation Research Board National Research Council
TRB targeted file 279 - The Marine Transportation procedure and the Federal function: Measuring functionality, focusing on development calls upon the U.S. division of Transportation (DOT) to take the lead in assessing the functionality of and bettering the nation's complete marine transportation procedure. particularly, the record recommends that the DOT should still start instantly to enhance stories at the , functionality, and use of the marine transportation procedure and search a mandate from Congress to provide such studies usually, because it already does for the nation's road and transit structures.
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Extra resources for The Marine Transportation System and the Federal Role: Measuring Performance, Targeting Improvement (Special Report (National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board), 279.)
Sample text
Marine terminals that consist of piers and berths where vessels are docked for loading and unloading are located on the waterfront. Marine terminals are both publicly and privately owned. Most are privately operated and designed to handle particular kinds of commodities. , tugboat operators, fuel depots, ship repair facilities) that together make up a larger port complex. Such complexes are often owned and operated by state or local authorities, with either the terminals themselves or the land they occupy being leased to private companies.
Channels deeper than 12 feet are defined by the federal government as “deep draft”; however, many oceangoing vessels need several times this depth to operate safely when loaded in confined waters. About 40 of the nation’s 70 deep-draft seaports have channel depths of 40 feet or more and are thus accessible to a variety of oceangoing vessels (USACE 2003, Table A-1). S. ” Some federally maintained channels, such as those serving the ports of Anchorage, Alaska, and Puget Sound, Washington, are located along naturally wide and deep harbors; hence, they do not require a great deal of dredging to maintain their dimensions.
Vessel port calls are fairly concentrated, especially for the containerships. Container terminals at 15 ports account for 85 percent of all containership calls in the United States, and the port complexes in 6 areas—Long Beach–Los Angeles, New York–Newark–Elizabeth, San Francisco–Oakland, Hampton Roads, Charleston, and Seattle–Tacoma— account for about 65 percent of these calls (BTS 1999, 25). Tanker calls are likewise concentrated regionally. They are most frequent in areas with significant petrochemical industries, such as the Gulf Coast, Delaware Bay, New York Harbor, San Francisco Bay, and San Pedro Harbor (NRC 1998).