By Alistair Black, Peter Hoare, Peter Hoare

The general public Libraries Act of 1850 based a practice of public provision and repair which keeps this day, and nationwide and educational libraries have grown and expanded as a result. Libraries became an instead of a localized phenomenon, and librarianship has built from a scholarly craft to a systematic occupation. The essays during this quantity current an image of significant range, overlaying public, nationwide, educational, subscription and personal libraries. The clients of libraries are an immense a part of their background and are thought of right here intimately, along the improvement of the library occupation and the effect of recent info applied sciences.

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Worryingly, in the 1990s there was a significant reduction in the number of books borrowed. At the end of the twentieth century the public library retained a strong foothold in national and civic culture. Even so, its future status was uncertain, its future existence not entirely guaranteed. The philosophical model Libraries have always commanded an intellectual foundation and justification, and so it is legitimate to point to the past and current existence of a ‘library philosophy’. The public library is rooted in the ideas and values that informed nineteenth-century liberalism.

Webster, Theories of the information society (London, 1995); A. Duff, Information society studies (London, 2000); D. Muddiman, ‘World gone wrong? Alternative conceptions of the information society’, in S. Hornby and Z. ), Challenge and change in the information society (London, 2003), 42–59. 8 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Libraries and the modern world catalogues and classification of their stock, but also through the efforts of librarians and ‘information professionals’ for greater effectiveness in that organisation.

But these libraries normally involved some kind of payment, either directly for use of the library, or indirectly for the service, as in the case of coffee houses, to which the library was appended. Proposals for libraries free at the point of use and subsidised from the public purse appeared a number of times in the first half of the nineteenth century. The idea was raised by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (SDUK) in 1826 and by the Select Committee on Enquiry into Drunkenness (1834).

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