By George Y. Lai

Corrosion experts, layout engineers, operations and upkeep managers operating with boilers, generators, and high-temperature processing gear, or in industries saving strength assets via waste restoration boilers, or operating with or offering corrosion-resistant fabrics.

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Alumina former MA956 was found to be considerably better than chromium formers, such as alloys 230, 86, 617, 188, and 263. His results are shown in Fig. 59. MA956 along with some ODS alloys was tested by Lowell et al. 3 Mach gas velocity at 1100 °C (2010 °F) with 60 min cycles. 5Y2O3). 2Y on MAR-M-200 alloy (Ni-9Cr-10Co-12W-1Nb5Al-2Ti). Their results are shown in Fig. 60. MA956 and HDA8077 as well as PVD Ni-Cr-AlY coating were found to perform well. No explanation was offered in the paper for STCA264, which did not perform as well as HDA8077 although both alloys had similar chemical compositions.

Oxides of base metal) form and grow on the alloy surface. Breakaway oxidation, thus, initiates, and the alloy begins to undergo oxidation at a rapid rate. This is illustrated in Fig. 51. The alloy thus requires the level of chromium immediately underneath the chromium oxide scale to have a critical level to allow the chromium oxide scale to reheal. Gleeson (Ref 84) presented air cyclic oxidation data for three chromia formers tested at 982 °C (1800 °F) for up to 360 days. Also presented were the corresponding chromium concentration analyzed by EDX on the surface of the metal when the oxide scale was spalled off from the test specimen.

47 shows oxidation data for alloys 214 and HR160 along with several other nickel- and iron-base alloys. The oxidation tests were conducted at 100 Mass change, mg/cm2 0 601 –100 601GC –200 330 –300 RA85H –400 0 50 100 150 200 Exposure time, days Fig. 2Si). Specimens were cooled to room temperature and weighed at the indicated data points. pdf/Chap_03/ 31/10/2007 12:45PM Plate # 0 pg 33 Chapter 3: Oxidation / 33 10 Mass change, mg/cm2 0 –10 601GC –20 –30 330 601 –40 –50 0 100 300 200 400 500 600 Exposure time, days Fig.

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