By James D. Smith
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Extra info for Gear Noise and Vibration
Sample text
4. 5. L. ' Proc. Inst. Mech. , Vol 178, 1963-64, Part I, pp 207-226. Maag Gear Handbook (English version) Maag, CH8023, Zurich, Switzerland. 1 Proc. Inst. Mech. , Vol 172, 1958, pp 87-112. Niemann, G. ' VDI-Z, Vol 2, 1970, No 4 and No 8. Palmer, D. , Burton on Trent. E. E. with a strong regular excitation at once per tooth and harmonics (Fig.. 1), even when loaded. The idea of using a helical gear is that if we think of a helical gear as a pack of narrow spur gears, we average out the errors associated with each "slice" via the elasticity of the mesh by "staggering" the slices.
The standard methods of manufacture tend to give a profile which is consistent along the axial length of the teeth but the helix matching between two mounted gears is rarely "correct" along the tooth. In some cases there may be helix correction to allow for the pinion body bending and twisting under the imposed loads. More commonly, there is no attempt to correct exactly for distortion but there are end reliefs, crowning, and misalignment so an analysis needs to allow for these. There may also be helix distortions associated with long gears expanding thermally more in the middle than at the ends, which are better cooled.
It is certainly true that if there is good alignment between the gear helices in position and Theoretical Helical Effects 35 there is high loading then the elastic effects will even out errors and the mesh will be quiet. In use however gears are liable to be loaded to much lower torques than their maximum load especially in automotive drives and in industrial machinery may spend much of their working day idling. 6 mil). At a typical working condition of one third load the theoretical mean deflection is only 5 um so, as it is very easy to get misalignments much higher than this, the loading will be predominantly at one end of the teeth.