By A. K. Rakhit
This booklet is designed to supply engineers with a greater figuring out of warmth remedy and its results on equipment caliber and function, specially as those concerns are severe to making sure that the gears practice satisfactorily below expected carrier stipulations. elevated call for for gears to transmit extra energy via smaller, lighter, quieter, and extra trustworthy programs that needs to function over a variety of provider stipulations has made the layout and manufacture of gears even more complicated. Gears made of convinced steels are discovered to satisfy those calls for, and develop into specially powerful whilst warmth handled and end machined for prime geometric accuracy. even though, distortion of the apparatus after warmth therapy deals the engineer a hard chance not just in making sure a top quality product but in addition in controlling production expenses. warmth deal with distortion of gears is mentioned intimately for the main warmth deal with method, and a case heritage of every profitable equipment warmth deal with technique is incorporated. Contents: creation to equipment warmth remedy houses of Iron warmth therapy of Gears Through-Hardening procedure Carburizing and Hardening Nitriding smooth Nitriding procedures Carbonitriding Induction Hardening choice of warmth deal with procedure for max apparatus layout.
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Additional resources for Heat Treatment of Gears: A Practical Guide for Engineers (06732G)
Example text
Through-Hardening Gears / 27 Overall, through-hardened gears are used in gearboxes that require large gears that cannot be economically case hardened, such as large marine propulsion gears and railway power transmission gears. Case History: Design and Manufacture of a Rack As explained in this chapter, all steel gears distort after any type of heat treat process. Carburizing imparts the highest distortion, while through hardening imparts the least distortion. Even then, distorted gears require a finishing operation for higher tooth quality.
Org 5 Carburizing and Hardening Gears CARBURIZING is a process in which austenitized ferrous metal is brought into contact with an environment of sufficient carbon potential to cause absorption of carbon at the surface and, by diffusion, create a carbon concentration gradient between the surface and interior of the metal. The depth of penetration of carbon is dependent on temperature, time at temperature, and the composition of the carburizing agent. ) on a 6 diametral pitch (DP) gear tooth can be obtained in about 4 h at 930 °C (1700 °F) with a carburizing agent, which may be solid, liquid, or gas.
A carbide-forming element that is not dissolved in the austenite has no effect on hardenability except that as a carbide it may restrict grain growth, thus reducing the hardenability of the steel. Undissolved carbides reduce both the alloy and carbon content of the austenite. Since undissolved carbides restrict grain growth, in some instances, quenching from higher temperature that increases grain size promotes deeper hardening. In summary, the factors that increase hardenability are: 48 / Heat Treatment of Gears O Dissolved elements in austenite (except cobalt) O Coarse grains of austenite O Homogeneity of austenite The factors that reduce hardenability are: O Fine grains of austenite O Undissolved inclusions a.