By S. Roy Caplan (auth.), Milan Bier (eds.)
The Symposium on Membrane procedures in and Biomedicine has been held less than the sponsorship of the department of commercial and Engineering Chemistry on the one hundred and sixtieth nationwide assembly of the yank Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois, September sixteen and 17, 1970. Its pri mary goal has been to highlight many of the present instructions of analysis during this quickly turning out to be box. there's at the present substantial enthusiasm in membrane examine, and the expectancies are operating excessive. this is often partly considering that simple innovations on which membrane approaches are dependent are so deceptively uncomplicated. in addition, we all live proofs in their capability potency. Our lungs and kidneys, epidermis and intestines are examples of membrane units for gaseous and liquid separations, exchanges, and focus. Even on a molecular point, lifestyles as we all know is unattainable with out mobilephone membranes and mobilephone organs, akin to mitochondria and chloroplasts, which seem to functionality as mem brane regulated mini-factories for the most vital and com plex chemical syntheses in our bodies.
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Extra info for Membrane Processes in Industry and Biomedicine: Proceedings of a Symposium held at the 160th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, under the sponsorship of the Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois, September 16
Example text
33 34 I. O. SAYLER, G. L. BALL III, AND G. L. BEEMSTERBOER Three multiple-bundle, parallel-flow dialyzing subscale artificial kidneys incorporating the modified PAN hollow fibers were prepared and tested in vitro and in vivo. Urea transport of the fiber was significantly lower than that observed in the membrane. However, the high rate of water ultrafiltration and the nonthrombogenic properties were confirmed. To obtain greater simplicity and lower cost 1/6-scale single bundle dialyzers were then designed, fabricated, and tested.
During the next ten to fifteen years, there were many engineering and medical refinements of these devices by Alwall, Skeggs and Leonards, MacNeill, Kiil, and others 3 - 7 • This work led, in the late 1950's, to two major types of devices--the coil artificial kidney and the flat sheet artificial kidney. During all of these years, the artificial kidney was used primarily for patients with acute kidney failure. Since restoration of renal function was anticipated, usually only one to two dialyses were needed.
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