By Geoffrey Martin, William Barbour
Contains the move of nitrogen nature, the nitrate undefined, the nitric acid undefined, the ammonia and ammonium salts undefined, man made ammonia, the cyanamide undefined, the cyanide and prussiate undefined, the manufacture of nitrous oxide, guffawing fuel, nitrogen monoxide and the explosives undefined.
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Extra info for Industrial Nitrogen Compounds and Explosives
Sample text
The hot gas thus entering the tube ss is further heated in its passage by the electrical heating coils surrounding the end of the tube SS to a temperature of Soo°-ioooc> C. The hot gas then passes into the contact substance H, which is maintained by the hot gas at a temperature of 5oo°-7oo° C. ,, along with excess of uncombined nitrogen and hydrogen. The hot mixture of gases from B then streams through the series of fine capillary tubes w, and in so doing gives up practically all its heat to the cold entering stream of gas coming into the apparatus at F.
Coalite Works. 9 0. , also occur in small timounls. t K ' I ^ e . until all the " v o l a t i l e " a m m o n i u m salts have been distilled off. ™ COnta £mf t h e ' 3 ; n ° n ; T O l a t i l e " a m m o n i u m salts t h e theoretical a m o u n t b O l l m g c o n t i n u e d u n t i l a11 their a m m o n i a is a l s o THE AMMONIA INDUSTRY 39 The evolved vapours are usually led directly into H2SO4 of 42°-46° Be. ), and the ammonia fixed in the form of solid ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4, which can be sold without further refining for manurial purposes.
Nitrogen and 3 vols. of hydrogen under a pressure of 200 atmospheres enters the strong steel vessel MM. After passing over the outer surface of a number of capillary metallic tubes w—which serve as a heat interchanger and regenerator as we will presently explain—the gas passes down the tube as shown, over the surface of an electrical heating coil A A , where the temperature of the gas is increased to 8oo°-i,ooo° C , then back up an interior iron tube ss, over the layer of catalytic substance B, thence through a number of capillary tubes w , out through the tube XX, thence through t h e compressing pump P, working at 200 atmospheres' pressure, thence out through the tube E, through the set of capillary tubes x, and so into the vessel H, which is surrounded by a freezing mixture of solid C O 2 and ether at a temperature of — 6o° or — 70 0 , which causes the ammonia >-in the gas to separate in t h e liquid state, whence it can be drawn off by the cock j .