By C. Bell

This quantity presents an updated survey of present pondering in regards to the activities of chemical components within the rules of neuronal behaviour less than common and pathological stipulations. The publication is split into 4 sections, facing chemical elements concerned with the formation of axon pathways, components concerned with neuronal survival and specialization in the course of general improvement, elements fascinated with common upkeep and service of grownup neurons and, eventually, components which have been implicated as mediators of degenerative alterations in neurological and neuropsychiatric problems.

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Extra resources for Chemical Factors in Neural Growth, Degeneration and Repair

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Therefore, Til axon fasciculation is dependent upon fasciclin I expression, but the protein is apparently not necessary for directed axon growth. It is unclear why axons in the CNS of the Drosophila embryo do not show a similar dependence on fasciclin I activity for normal fasciculation. This may be a consequence of the different techniques used to inactivate the molecule in the two studies, or may reflect a different role of the protein in the CNS versus the periphery. , 1987). Fasciclin III is expressed on a small subset of neurons, including the growth cones, axons and cell bodies of the RP neurons, and some axons in the anterior and posterior commissures.

1990). It was observed that one mechanism for growth cone steering is the selective dilation of a single filopodium in contact with a guidepost cell. This single filopodium could thereby reorient an entire growth cone, despite the fact that many other filopodia remain in contact with non-selected substrates during turning of the growth cone. The filopodium thus seems to act as an "antenna" rather than a "tow-rope"; interactions between molecules on its surface and the substrate lead to the production of signals which ultimately cause the axon to grow in one direction, rather than another.

Whitington 29 Fig. 18. Axon growth from neurons pioneering longitudinal axon pathways in the CNS of wild-type and fasciclin II null mutant Drosophila embryos. (A) Schematic diagram of a dorsal view of pioneering neurons in a wild-type embryo at embryonic stage 13. The posteriorly projecting MPl and dMP2 axons fasciculate with the anteriorly projecting axons from pCC and vMP2 in regions 1 and 2. All of these axons adhere to the ventral surface of the longitudinal glial cell LGX. (B) Fasciclin II null mutant at the same stage as (A).

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