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798 (1910); Mond and Wallis, ibid. 121, 29-32 M Vignon, Am. Chem. Phys. (9) 15, 42 (1921). ••Hofmann and Schibsted, Ber. 51, 1389, 1398 (1918); Brit. Pat. ] 73,097 (1920) Badische Amhn u. Soda Fabrik. INTRODUCTION—CATALYSIS 35 In explaining the action of free metals as contact catalysts in autooxidative phenomena, Moureu and Dufraisse ** suppose that the catalyst auto-oxidizes to give an unstable oxide, which then decomposes to give up the oxygen and regenerates the metal. Other catalysts probably behave in die same way.
IMA, 586 (1923). Schotz, "Synthetic Organic Compounds," New York, D. $, p. 64, CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF ALCOHOLS 45 300° C. with such rates of flow that only 25 to 30 per cent of the alcohol reacts per pass yields as high as 90 to 92 per cent of acetaldehyde are obtainable. Continuous operation, however, causes the catalyst to become coated with condensation products which lower the activity. The catalyst activity is restored by oxidation of the organic matter with hot air followed by reduction of the metallic oxide with alcohol.
30, 169 (1926). Langrmuir, Trans. Faraday Soc. 17, 617 (1922). CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF ALCOHOLS 49 By altering the mode of preparation of alumina catalysts in such a way that the molecular porosity was affected, Adkins i0 has been able to activate preferentially the catalyst for either decarboxylation or dehydration. This was experimentally accomplished by forming aluminum hydroxide and hydrated alumina by precipitation from salts or esters in water or xylene solution and by preparation by the action of water vapor on aluminum 'alk-oxides, pure and supported on pumice.