By Conservation Unit Museums and Galleries Commission
For greater than ten years, the technological know-how for Conservators sequence has been the most important easy texts for conservators through the global. clinical thoughts are simple ot the conservation of artefacts of each style, but many conservators have very little clinical education. those introductory volumes supply non-scientists with the fundamental theoretical heritage to their paintings.
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Additional resources for Science for Conservators, Vol. 2: Cleaning (Conservation Science Teaching Series)
Sample text
There are many frescoes (especially, for example, in Venice) made in the way described, and which have suffered serious deterioration in the industrially polluted atmosphere of the city. The main pollutant is sulphur dioxide generated by burning the small quantity of sulphur present naturally in fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas). In a polluted atmosphere two reactions take place. Refer back to the list on page 50 to determine what the names of the reactants and products of the two reactions are: However, one of these equations is not balanced.
2 Deduce when the first reaction takes place. 3 Say where the carbon dioxide involved in the second reaction might come from. 4 Decide whether sand is involved in the reactions. 5 Say where the water has gone. The first reaction to occur takes place when the sand (SiO2) and lime (CaO) are mixed with water and slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) is formed. More water than is necessary for the reaction is used so that the plaster is a workable paste. Looking at the equations above, the formula SiO2 does not appear.
Try this: The 2s are saying that there are two molecules of O2 and two molecules of H2O involved. Now count the atoms of each kind on each side of the reaction: MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS 33 Atoms present Element Before After C H O 1 4 2×2=4 1 2×2=4 2+(2×1)=4 This complete description tells you how many molecules of different sorts react together. It is called a balanced chemical equation once the number of each type of atom is the same on either side of the arrow. Balanced equations used to be shown with an equals sign instead of the arrow which is why we have the word “equation”.