By Susumu Seino, Graeme I. Bell
The beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are the one cells within the physique that produce and secrete insulin. This metabolic hormone performs a valuable position within the upkeep of glucose homeostasis, regulating glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue in addition to carbohydrate, fats, and protein metabolism in those tissues and the liver.
This e-book presents a finished up to date overview of the beta phone in well-being and disorder. Chapters tackle the structure and pathology of ordinary and diabetic pancreatic islets; rules of beta-cell proliferation and dying; the possibility of stem cells and extra-pancreatic tissues as beta-cell alternative cures; insulin biosynthesis; law of insulin secretion together with metabolic keep an eye on, ion channels, hole junctions, cyclic AMP, incretins, and exocytosis; improvement of novel imaging suggestions; and genetic issues of the beta cellphone. a major objective of the ebook is to inspire scholars and younger easy and scientific investigators to turn into actively interested in diabetes examine and the quest for brand new methods to avoid and deal with diabetes.
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Extra info for Pancreatic Beta Cell in Health and Disease
Example text
Genes Dev 6:2165– 2176 47. Karlsson O, Thor S, Norberg T, Ohlsson H, Edlund T (1990) Insulin gene enhancer binding protein Isl-1 is a member of a novel class of proteins containing both a homeo- and a Cys-His domain. Nature 344:879–882 48. Rosanas-Urgell A, Marfany G, Garcia-Fernandez J (2005) Pdx1-related homeodomain transcription factors are distinctly expressed in mouse adult pancreatic islets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 237:59–66 49. Chawengsaksophak K, James R, Hammond VE, Kontgen F, Beck F (1997) Homeosis and intestinal tumours in Cdx2 mutant mice.
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Artner and R. Stein TAAT core, the central DNA binding recognition motif for homeodomain proteins. Transcription factors in this family are well known for their effect in directing embryonic development and determining differentiated cell identity in a wide variety of organisms (for reviews see [41,42]). The homeodomain is a highly conserved 61 amino acid long helix-turn-helix structural unit that mediates DNA binding, and was first identified in homeotic selector genes of Drosophila melanogaster.