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3 pmol kgÀ1. The depth variations reported in each of the three separate studies differed (Figure 5). Because each of these three studies employed different analytical methodologies, it is unclear to what extent the contrasting vertical profiles reflect true variability among the various ocean basins. Its seems unlikely that the strong near-surface Pt enrichment present in the Indian Ocean profile would be restricted to this ocean basin, or that deep water Pt concentrations would exhibit a fourfold difference between eastern and western Pacific.

1994) Zinc and carbon co-limitation of marine phytoplankton. Nature 369: 740--742. Rue EL and Bruland KW (1995) Complexation of iron(III) by natural organic ligands in the central North Pacific as determined by a new competitive ligand equilibration/adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric method. Marine Chemistry 50: 117--138. Saito MA, Moffett JW, and Ditullio GR (2004) Cobalt and nickel in the Peru Upwelling region: A major flux of labile cobalt utilized as a micronutrient. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: GB4030.

The second implication of the low concentrations of the PGEs in sea water relates to understanding of the speciation of these metals in sea water. It is now generally accepted that many of the first series transition metals are strongly complexed in surface sea water by organic ligands that occur at nanomolar concentrations. Given that concentrations of the PGEs in sea water are 103–106 times lower than ligand concentrations it seems likely that the marine chemistry of the PGEs will also be strongly influenced by these ligands.

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