By Crawford, Neta C. Crawford, Audie Klotz
How Sanctions paintings surveys theories of overseas sanctions and provides distinct analyses of the influence of sanctions on apartheid South Africa. Chapters through revered overseas specialists conceal cultural isolation, oil and armed forces embargoes, exchange boycotts, monetary sanctions and divestment, effects for black South Africans, and nearby results. The e-book indicates how sanctions either without delay and in some way harm the apartheid regime whereas from time to time supplying succour to the anti-apartheid movement.
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Additional resources for How Sanctions Work: Lessons from South Africa
Example text
L. Martin, Coercive Cooperation: Explaining Multilateral Economic Sanctions (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1992); W. H. Kaempfer and A. D. Lowenberg, International Economic Sanctions: A Public Choice Perspective (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1992); K. R. Nossal, Rain Dancing: Sanctions in Canadian and Australian Foreign Policy (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1994); A. Klotz, Norms in International Relations: The Struggle against Apartheid (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995); I.
54 The next chapter is a more detailed exploration of the existing theories and models of sanctions and offers a framework for analyzing sanctions. Neta Crawford and Audie Klotz argue for a framework that focuses on direct, indirect, and counterproductive effects of sanctions at the multiple sites of their potential impact. They widen the analytical perspective by looking beyond economic sanctions and consequences to social and strategic sanctions. Each of the subsequent chapters, making use of new evidence and interviews, examines a particular population or sector of the state, economy, or society targeted or affected by international sanctions against South Africa.
New alliances or trading arrangements can help to implement sanctions or to mitigate any adverse consequences of dependence on or proximity to the target. Conversely, existing alliances may be strained. Furthermore, neighbors may implement balancing or bandwagoning behavior at the regional level which reflects global political divisions. 43 Finally, the process of initiating sanctions may serve to educate people about the target state and their links to it. This could further mobilize political actors who then push for even more stringent restrictions.