By Stephen P Ethier

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The exon-5-deleted ER` mRNA and the exon-6-deleted ER` mRNA are out-of-frame and predicted to encode C-terminally truncated ER`-like proteins, which would not bind ligand. More recently, several exon-8-deleted human ER` mRNAs have been identified (17) from a human testis cDNA library, and by RT-PCR from the human BC cell line MDAMB435. These variants have been named human ER`2–5. It should be noted that human ER`2 is not the equivalent of the ER` variant mRNA with an in-frame insertion of 54 nucleotides between exons 5 and 6 identified in rodent tissues (13,60,61), and also named ER`2.

Identification of novel exon-deleted progesterone receptor variant mRNAs in human breast tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996;228:63–68. 32. Richter J, Lange C, Wierman A, Brooks K, Tung L, Takimoto G, Horwitz KB. Progesterone receptor variants found in breast cells repress transcription by wild type receptors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1998; 48:231–241. 33. Gallacchi P, Schoumacher F, Eppenberger-Castori S, Landenberg EV, Kueng W, Eppenberger U, Mueller H. Increased expression of estrogen receptor exon 5 deletion variant in relapse tissues of human breast cancer.

Leygue E, Hall R, Dotzlaw H, Watson P, Murphy L. Estrogen receptor-alpha variant mRNA expression in primary human breast tumors and matched lymph node metastases. Br J Cancer 1999;79:978–983. 35. Garcia T, Lehrer S, Bloomer WD, Schachter B. A variant estrogen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid is associated with reduced levels of estrogen binding in human mammary tumors. Mol Endocrinol 1988; 2:785–791. 36. Fuqua SA, Fitzgerald SD, Chamness GC, Tandon AK, McDonnell DP, Nawaz Z, O’Malley BW, McGuire WL.

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