By L Fishbein
Chemical Mutagens: Environmental results on organic platforms brings jointly correct proof approximately man made and of course happening mutagenic chemical compounds.
Organized into components, this publication starts with an easy dialogue at the glossy strategies of the gene on the molecular and biochemical degrees. the 1st half additionally seems into the differing kinds of mutations and the way they shape, in addition to the organic structures used for his or her detection. the second one half offers with the person chemical mutagens of environmental importance, together with their manufacture, prevalence, approach to detection, degradation, and metabolism. It additionally discusses the categories of mutation chemical mutagens set off within the quite a few try out platforms which were applied.
This e-book will function unmarried resource fabric for its application to scholars, investigators, and people concerned with public overall healthiness.
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Extra info for Chemical Mutagens: Environmental Effects on Biological Systems
Sample text
They will, however, cause phenotypic curing but this is known to function at other than the genetic level. Antibiotics such as mitomycin C, porfiromycin, and streptonigrin have a more profound effect on D N A , at least on D N A in situ. Mitomycin C and porfiromycin are metabolically reduced in the cell to hydroquinone derivatives by a quinone reductase (diaphorase) and these compounds alkylate and extensively cross-link D N A (43, 123). There has been, however, one report suggesting that mitomycin C may have intercalating capabilities as well (124).
By determining what amino acid changes are produced in the proteins of certain T M V mutants (induced by nitrous acid) it has been shown that most codon changes can be accounted for on the basis of the deamination of adenine and cytosine (69). Additional support for this view has been provided from other genetic systems. In one study, the rate of deamination, which differs for each of the three bases, was compared with the rate of mutation and it was concluded that deamination of guanine does not lead to point mutations (65).
Structure of aflatoxin B x . Evidence for the mutagenicity of aflatoxin has been obtained in plant cells of Vicia faba ( 1 2 9 ) and in human cells grown in tissue culture ( 1 2 9 ) . In b o t h cases, the evidence is based on abnormalities produced in mitotic chromosomes; both chromosomal fragments and bridges were observed. In the mouse, evidence for the mutagenicity of aflatoxin has been provided by the dominant lethal test ( 1 3 0 ) which may be related to the chromosome-breaking effect (see Chap.