By Connie M. Weaver, Robert P. Heaney
This entire overview of the country of our wisdom relating calcium not just demonstrates its significance to human future health, but in addition defines its many complicated roles. The authors summarize the most recent simple medical details at the mobile and metabolic features of calcium, explaining the major suggestions for properly measuring its bioavailability, absorption, and kinetics, and exhibiting that calcium deficiency is an immense challenge whereas calcium extra an extraordinary one. additionally they study the complicated law of calcium absorption, distribution, and excretion, in addition to the a number of interactions of diet/lifestyle, and actual task in calcium homeostasis. Their dialogue of the explicit roles of calcium in various scientific disorders-osteoporosis, oral well-being, weight problems, reproductive issues, and the metabolic syndrome-provides new insights and increases new questions. The complicated alterations in calcium and phosphate law that happen in renal illness and the aptitude function of calcium in high blood pressure and vascular ailment also are addressed.
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The activity of the NCX is apparently reduced in myocardial ischemia, leading to intracellular Ca2+ overload which can result in arrhythmia, myocardial stunning, and necrosis (131). On the other hand, congestive heart failure and myocardial hypertrophy are associated with increased NCX activity and decreased inotropic state. 4. OVERVIEW OF WHOLE-BODY CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS Under normal conditions, the maintenance of Ca2+ balance in the body is the result of the interplay among the intestines, kidney, and bone; the placenta is also involved in the maintenance of this balance during pregnancy.
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