By Tsai C.S.

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Extra resources for Biomacromolecules. Introduction to Struture Function and Informatics

Sample text

2 Van der Waals interaction (Isrealachvili, 1973) All atoms and molecules attract each other, even in the absence of charged groups, as a result of mutual interactions related to induced polarization effects. Such polarization is sometimes indicated by symbols δ+ and δ−. Attraction results from the uneven distribution of electrons when the positive end of one dipole (polarized bond) is attracted to the negative end of another dipole. This arises from three types of interactions: 1. between two permanent dipoles; 2.

This text deals specifically with covalent biomacromolecules in which monomer units are linked together by covalent bonds to form giant biomolecules. They include nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides (under this definition, biomembranes are excluded). 1). , 2000) are long polymers, made up of linear arrays of monomers called nucleotides, consisting of nitrogen bases (pyrimidines and purines) linked to sugar phosphate. The nucleotide units are joined via phosphodiesteric bonds linking the 5′ and 3′ positions of successive sugar residues.

Isoleucine (Ile, I) Nonpolar and branched, the side chain of Ile is involved in hydrophobic interaction which stabilizes the protein conformation. Proline (Pro, P) Pro is an imino acid and the imino ring confers conformational stability upon Pro, imposes rigid constraints on rotation about the N-Cα bond of the backbone, and disrupts the helical structure. The peptide bond preceding a Pro residue is more likely to adopt the cis configuration. Pro is an especially common residue at ‘hairpin turns’ in globular proteins.

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