By S. Sokolowski
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4: ARM CPSR (Current Program Status Register) Like all other microprocessors, the ARM has a flag register to indicate arithmetic conditions such as the carry bit. Chapters 3 and 4 show how the flag bits of the status register are used. ARM current program status register The status register is a 32-bit register. Each of the conditional flags can be used to perform a conditional branch (jump), as we will see in Chapter 4. The impact of instructions on this register is then discussed. C, the carry flag This flag is set whenever there is a carry out from the D31 bit.
D 5. It is dedicated because it does only one type of job. 6. Embedded system means that the application (software) and the processor (hardware such as CPU and memory) are embedded together into a single system. 7. Having multiple sources for a given part means you are not hostage to one supplier. More importantly, competition among suppliers brings about lower cost for that product. 2 1. True 2. False 3. d 4. To program in Assembly language, we must understand the registers and architecture of a given CPU and the role they play in processing data.
Appendix A provides a complete list of all the instructions and their associated flag bits. Instruction Flags Affected ANDS C, Z, N ORRS C, Z, N MOVS C, Z, N ADDS C, Z, N, V SUBS C, Z, N, V B No flags Note that we cannot put S after B instruction. Table 2- 5: Flag Bits Affected by Different Instructions Flag bits and decision making There are instructions that will make a conditional jump (branch) based on the status of the flag bits. Table 2-6 provides some of these instructions. Chapter 4 discusses the conditional branch instructions and how they are used.